{"id":39,"date":"2018-02-25T15:31:14","date_gmt":"2018-02-25T20:31:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ssppit.wordpress.com\/2018\/02\/25\/2018-2-23-s3e4-how-sputnik-sent-women-to-college\/"},"modified":"2025-02-25T19:38:31","modified_gmt":"2025-02-25T19:38:31","slug":"s3e4-how-sputnik-sent-women-to-college","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/waysandmeansshow.org\/2018\/02\/25\/s3e4-how-sputnik-sent-women-to-college\/","title":{"rendered":"S3 Episode 4: How Sputnik Sent Women to College"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 14.666666984558px;\">Today, women outnumber men on college campuses, but that wasn&#8217;t always the case. Before the 1960s, colleges routinely used gender quotas to suppress the number of women on campus. Some colleges excluded women entirely. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14.666666984558px;\">There&#8217;s a curious backstory to how more women ended up in college, and it starts with the Soviet\u2019s launch of the satellite Sputnik in 1957.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"How Sputnik Sent Women to College by Sanford School @ Duke\" width=\"500\" height=\"400\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https:\/\/w.soundcloud.com\/player\/?visual=true&#038;url=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.soundcloud.com%2Ftracks%2F404935008&#038;show_artwork=true&#038;maxheight=750&#038;maxwidth=500\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14.666666984558px;\">When Sputnik launched, it was a big deal in the U.S. Many saw the launch as a Russian win in the race to space.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11.5pt;\">&#8220;With the stunning defeat in the space race, the U.S. panicked, people were really freaking out,&#8221; says Duke political historian Deondra Rose.\u00a0<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: 11.5pt;\">&#8220;This event really dashed Americans&#8217; perceptions of our relative strength when it came to academics, when it came to science and technology.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11.5pt;\">At the time, an Alabama lawmaker named Carl Elliott had been trying to get legislation passed that would provide federal support for students who wanted to attend college. The legislation was going nowhere.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11.5pt;\">Carl Elliott&#8217;s legislative aide Mary Allen Jolley is now 90 years old. She says legislators recognized the launch of Sputnik presented a rare opportunity for the team.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11.5pt;\">&#8220;There was a sense of urgency,&#8221; Jolley remembers. &#8220;A very clear feeling that, yes, that this was the opportunity and we had to take advantage of it and get a bill ready because we thought we could pass it.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14.666666984558px;\">In this episode of Ways &amp; Means, we tell the story of how the authors of the National Defense Education Act were able to turn politics of crisis into a law that eventually opened the door to college to millions of American women.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.666666984558px;\">Find out more about Deondra Rose&#8217;s book, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.deondrarose.com\/citizens-by-degree.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Citizens by Degree, Higher Education Policy and the Changing Gender Dynamics of American Citizenship <\/a>(Oxford University Press, 2018)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.666666984558px;\">Watch a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.lightscameraalabama.com\/secure\/videopages\/carl.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">short film about Carl Elliott&#8217;s life<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.666666984558px;\">Take a virtual tour of the <a href=\"http:\/\/carlelliottbooks.com\/Media.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Carl Elliott museum<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.666666984558px;\">Read Carl Elliott&#8217;s memoir, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.uapress.ua.edu\/product\/Cost-of-Courage,1176.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Cost of Courage<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.666666984558px;\">Find out more about the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.apmreports.org\/educate-podcast\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Educate podcast<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.666666984558px;\">Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.sanford.duke.edu\/waysandmeans\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/30\/2018\/02\/S3E4-Ways-and-Means-How-Sputnik-Sent-Women-to-College-Transcript.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">episode transcript<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Music: Theme music by David Schulman. &#8220;Jazzy Frenchy&#8221; by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bensound.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BenSound<\/a>. &#8220;The Losers&#8221; by Gold Beach. &#8220;Lumber Down,&#8221; &#8220;Maldoc,&#8221; &#8220;Fifteen Street,&#8221; &#8220;Arizona Moon,&#8221; &#8220;Discovery Harbor,&#8221; Step In Step Out,&#8221; by <a href=\"http:\/\/freemusicarchive.org\/music\/Blue_Dot_Sessions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Blue Dot Sessions<\/a>\/<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/2.0\/\">Creative Commons<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How the authors of the National Defense Education Act turned politics of crisis into a law that opened the door to college for millions of American women.<\/p>\n<div class=\"more-link-wrapper\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/waysandmeansshow.org\/2018\/02\/25\/s3e4-how-sputnik-sent-women-to-college\/\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">S3 Episode 4: How Sputnik Sent Women to College<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":141,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"pgc_meta":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[23,53,32,45],"homepage-visibility":[60],"class_list":["post-39","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-episodes","tag-higher-education","tag-national-security-foreign-policy","tag-politics","tag-women","homepage-visibility-visible","ratio-natural","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.6 - 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